解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Despite rapid urbanization and increasing affluence in Karachi, cases of cholera are frequent. We analysed computerized isolation data from the AKUH Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Karachi, from 1990-6 to examine microbiological, temporal and demographic trends in Vibrio cholerae infections. During this period 888 s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897008212
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of trichinosis occurred during January 1995 in a south Lebanese village with a population of 800-1000 persons. The estimated number of persons treated for a Trichinella-like illness was 200. Sixty-three persons sought medical attention at a local infirmary: 44 of them were diagnosed as having trichinosis o...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007875
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumers in the United States continue to eat raw or undercooked foods of animal origin despite public health warnings following several well-publicized outbreaks. We investigated an outbreak of Salmonella serotype Typhimurium infection in 158 patients in Wisconsin during the 1994 Christmas holiday period. To determi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007851
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers in the adult Swedish population was investigated according to age, sex, origin and demographic stratum. Sera were collected from 3382 persons in 1990-1. The sera were selected on a statistical basis considered to be representative of the Swedish population from adults aged >...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007838
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence were studied determining IgG and IgA antibodies of 408 randomly selected adults aged 15-74 years living in Vammala, Finland in 1973 and of 504 similarly selected subjects in 1994. Seroprevalence increased by age at both time points. The age-adjusted seroprevalence rate was...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007565
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1996 Japan had a big outbreak of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7, especially in Osaka prefecture where about 6000 patients (mainly schoolchildren) suffered from diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) due to EHEC infection via school lunch. Our survey of doctors who ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007541
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 23 August and 15 December 1990 an epidemic of cholera affected Mozambican refugees in Malawi causing 1931 cases (attack rate = 2.4%); 86% of patients had arrived in Malawi < 3 months before illness onset. There were 68 deaths (case-fatality rate = 3.5%); most deaths (63%) occurred within 24 h of hospital admis...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268896007352
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous reports in the literature suggest that Burkholderia pseudomallei strains can be differentiated on the basis of animal virulence. Twenty environmentally and clinically derived isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei were examined for the production of exoenzymes, morphological and biochemical phenotypes and viru...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026889600739x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory-based surveillance of invasive pneumococcal infections in adults in Finland from 1983 to 1992 identified 862 episodes of pneumococcal bacteraemia and 97 episodes of meningitis. The overall incidence of invasive pneumococcal infections was 9.1 per 100,000 for all adults per year, but 27.1, 35.8, and 44.5 per...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268896007169
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of non-culturable forms of Campylobacter spp., especially with regard to the epidemiology of this organism in poultry flocks, was explored. Two different experiments were conducted to produce non-culturable Campylobacter spp. and test their ability to colonize the animal gut. In the first experiment a...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800059124
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genotype of HCV was determined in 161 chronic HCV-infected patients. The patients were classified into three groups on the basis of the origin of the HCV infection: 50 patients had a history of intravenous drug use (IVDU) but no HIV infection; 41 patients had received blood transfusions, and 70 patients had no kno...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800059227
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Campylobacter jejuni serogroup reference strains and collections of sporadic and outbreak-associated isolates were examined for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), using C. jejuni random chromosomal and 16S rRNA gene probes. A collection of 48 Penner (HS) and 14 Lior (HL) serogroup reference strains, pl...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800001400
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Pakistan, blood samples from 105 sequential patients with biopsy-proven CLD (n = 82) and HCC (n = 23) were tested for HBV and HCV markers. Of the 105, 87 (83...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800001503
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of Cpo I-digested genomic DNA and ribotyping (Bgl I) were applied to 60 Vibrio cholerae strains including 48 V. cholerae O139 from Thailand to compare their value in differentiating strains of the present V. cholerae O139 epidemic. PFGE patterns were divided into groups A and B ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800001126
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To describe the features of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Madagascar, a randomized sero-epidemiological survey was undertaken in the general population > or = 1 year old of two provinces which represents 45% of the total population. In the 921 sera tested, the prevalence of HBV markers was 20.5% for HBsAg, 38.2...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800001229
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Faeces samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids aged 1-45 days were examined for enteric pathogens. Cryptosporidium parvum was detected in both diarrhoeic lambs (45%) and goat kids (42%) but not in non-diarrhoeic animals. F5+ (K99+) and/or F41+ Escherichia coli strains were isolated from 26% and ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800001321
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) Dhaka we studied the trends in cholera for the period January 1992 to May 1995. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged as a second aetiologic agent of cholera in Dhaka in January 1993. In 1993, the majority of cholera cases was due to V. c...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052572
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective primary prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis requires up to date information on locally relevant risk factors for infection in pregnant women. In Naples, risk factors for toxoplasma infection were compared in recently infected women (as assessed by detection of specific IgM in serum) and susceptible, IgG n...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052675
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to assess whether genotypic characterization by means of DNA-fingerprinting pattern (DFP) and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) profile as compared to phenotypic characterization would improve the differentiation of Neisseria meningitidis strains associated with outbreaks from stra...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052328
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of legionellosis associated with a hotel in Sydney, Australia, and the subsequent epidemiological and environmental investigations are described. Four cases of Legionnaires' disease were notified to the Public Health Unit. A cross-sectional study of 184 people who attended a seminar at the hotel was carrie...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052420
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two common forms of invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) are epiglottitis and meningitis. It is not known why some children develop epiglottitis and others meningitis. To examine the hypothesis that epiglottitis occurs in children who may have been previously exposed to Hib, and who would theref...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005891x
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the first cluster of cases of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in this century in the United Kingdom (UK). Between 1 January and 30 June 1994 there were six cases (five confirmed, one probable) of Streptococcus pyogenes NF in west Gloucestershire, population 320,000. Two cases died. The first two patients probab...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800058544
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study the distribution of phenotypes of campylobacter strains in sewage and surface waters was investigated by subtyping and by speciation of isolates from various aquatic environments. These environments included two municipal sewage plants (SPA and SPB) and waste water from a poultry abattoir (WWA). Both the...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800058647
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing serious illness and death was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of 1989-90. A retros...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005874x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In N'Djamena, capital of Chad, measles vaccination coverage of 12-23-month-old children fell from 61% in 1990 to 15% in 1993. A community survey of measles after an outbreak in 1993 showed that among children < 5 years of age, the mean monthly attack rate was 37 per 1,000 (95% CI, 32-43) and the mean case fatality rat...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005843x
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper compares strains of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype SAT (South African Territories) 2 viruses isolated from Zimbabwe and other African countries using monoclonal antibodies (MAb). A sandwich-ELISA was used to examine the relative binding of anti-SAT 2 MAb to the various viruses. The MAb-binding profil...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005826x
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over Christmas 1993, an outbreak of food poisoning occurred among guests in a hotel in South West Scotland. Evidence from a cohort study strongly suggested that raw oysters were the vehicle for infection, probably due to a Small Round Structured Virus (SRSV). Detailed enquiry about the source and preparation of the oy...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800058222
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of Legionella spp. in the water of a Portuguese spa was ascertained during the spa season, between May and November. Simultaneously the prevalence of anti-legionella antibodies in people attending the spa was also investigated. The antibody titres of 172 randomly selected patients and 42 therapists were d...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800058143
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several typing systems have been described for Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli, to assess the complex epidemiology of these important enteric pathogens. In the present study two typing methods, slide agglutination according to the Lior scheme, and the demonstration of restriction-fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052134
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 7 patients with nosocomial Legionnaires' disease to determine the relationship between isolates of Legionella pneumophila recovered from potable water and those recovered from patients. Potable water was cultured from all rooms in which patients had stayed prior to the diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease. Th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057939
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribotype, biotype and resistance phenotype were used to characterize 37 Acinetobacter baumannii-A. calcoaceticus complex isolates responsible for nosocomial infections in Buenos Aires. Nineteen isolates were recovered from endemic infections at 2 hospitals and 18 represent an intensive care unit outbreak that occurred...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051979
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::British cattle were infected with the South African (Neethling) strain of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and their clinical signs monitored over a 3-week period. Different routes of infection were assessed for effect on the clinical characteristics of the disease by using a clinical scoring system. Neither of 2 anima...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052067
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enteritidis PT4 was recovered from fingers following the breaking of intact shell eggs artificially contaminated in the contents with the bacterium. Kitchen utensils used to mix egg dishes were salmonella-positive, sometimes after washing. Following the preparation of batter or the mixing of eggs, S. enteri...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800068412
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1993 New York and Texas each reported a human rabies case traced to a rare variant of rabies virus found in an uncommon species of bat. This study examined the epidemiology of bat rabies in New York State. Demographic, species, and animal-contact information for bats submitted for rabies testing from 1988-92 was an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800068515
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 3522 samples of serum, collected anonymously from women attending an antenatal clinic, was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis C. The prevalence of anti-HCV was low; only five confirmed positives were found (0.14%). The prevalence of hepatitis B overall was 0.56%, but was 1.04% ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800068539
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::From March to October 1993, 15 cases of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children were detected in a large area of northern Italy, where only 8 cases had occurred in the previous 5 years. Analysis of stool and serum specimens obtained from 14 cases showed evidence of Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) inf...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051645
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carrion is a major source of botulinal toxin for animals. A type D strain of Clostridium botulinum differed from type A and B strains in producing (1) much higher concentrations of toxin in putrefying mouse carcasses at several different temperatures over a period of 35 days, (2) toxicity that sometimes persisted in m...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051761
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this research was to determine whether trappers in northern Alaska acquired immunity to rabies virus from non-bite exposures while trapping and skinning arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). In coastal Alaska recurring epizootics presumably provide trappers ample opportunity for contact with rabid animals. Ser...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051554
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genomes of 34 recent United Kingdom isolates of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C were examined by restriction enzyme digestion and by conventional and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Strains were assigned to groups on the basis of the Dice similarity coefficient; strains with values of > 92% were consid...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051463
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In May 1992, a small, circumscribed community outbreak of infection due to verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 phage type 49 occurred in a semi-rural area of south-east Scotland. On the basis of stool cultures, six cases were identified, one of whom was asymptomatic. One child developed the haemolytic uraemic sy...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051141
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00